What is FLT3 gene?

What is FLT3 gene?

Listen to pronunciation. (… jeen) A gene that makes a protein that is involved in the formation and growth of new blood cells.

What is FLT3 TKD mutation?

FLT3-TKD mutations are small mutations in the activation loop of FLT3, mostly representing point mutations in codon D835 or deletions of codon I836. They induce constitutive tyrosine phosphorylation leading to activation of the receptor tyrosine kinase and are supposed to represent gain-of-function mutations.

How is FLT3 tested?

Clinically validated FLT3/ITD testing is performed with a PCR-based assay of DNA isolated from patient’s leukemia cells (blood or bone marrow with blast burden). Capillary electrophoresis is used to resolve the amplicon products.

What are FLT3 inhibitors?

FLT3 inhibitors are tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) classified into first and next generation inhibitors based on their potency and specificity for FLT3 and their associated downstream targets.

How common is FLT3 mutation?

Mutations in FLT3 are the most common genetic alteration in AML, identified in approximately one third of newly diagnosed patients. FLT3 internal tandem duplication mutations (FLT3-ITD) are associated with increased relapse and inferior overall survival.

Can FLT3 be cured?

In fact, FLT3 turned out to be the most frequently mutated gene in acute myeloid leukemia. About one-third of patients diagnosed had the mutation— an alteration that made it almost impossible to cure them.

How do you get FLT3?

Activating mutations of FLT3 are common mutations found in AML. A particular form of FLT3 is mutated by duplicating coding sequence derived from the juxtamenbrane domain inserted in tandem (internal tandem duplication (ITD). These FLT3-ITD mutations result in the constitutive activation of the tyrosine kinase function.

What is FLT3 ITD?

Acute myeloid leukemia with a FLT3 internal tandem duplication (FLT3/ITD) mutation is an aggressive hematologic malignancy with a generally poor prognosis. It can be successfully treated into remission with intensive chemotherapy, but it routinely relapses.

What does the FLT3 gene do?

The FLT3 gene provides instructions for making a protein called fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3), which is part of a family of proteins called receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). Receptor tyrosine kinases transmit signals from the cell surface into the cell through a process called signal transduction.

Is FLT3 mutation genetic?

Cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukemia The FLT3 gene mutations involved in CN-AML are called somatic mutations; they are found only in cells that become cancerous and are not inherited. Two types of FLT3 gene mutations are found in CN-AML.

Is FLT3 mutation curable?

Can you have AML for months?

Treatment for AML can last for many months. Even after treatment ends, you will need many follow-up exams – likely every few months for several years.

What are the diseases associated with the FLT3 gene?

GeneCards Summary for FLT3 Gene FLT3 (Fms Related Receptor Tyrosine Kinase 3) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with FLT3 include Leukemia, Acute Myeloid and Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia Without Maturation. Among its related pathways are ERK Signaling and Actin Nucleation by ARP-WASP Complex.

How are FLT3 mutations related to CN-AML?

FLT3 mutations commonly co-occur with mutations such as NPM1 that are associated with CN-AML and likely modulate prognostic impact. While FLT3-ITD mutations have been associated with poorer prognosis in AML, the prognostic impact of FLT3-TKD mutations are still up for debate.

Where are the mutations located in the FLT3 kinase?

Biological characteristics of FLT3 -ITD mutations located in two different structural domains of FLT3-kinase were characterized: (1) beta1-sheet-ITDs E611V (96nt) and Q613E (99nt) and (2) nucleotide binding loop-ITD A620V (84nt).

What is the role of FLT3 in hematopoiesis?

FLT3 is an important cytokine receptor involved in normal hematopoiesis. Mutations in this gene are common in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and screening for mutations in this gene has been recommended by the World Health Organization in patients with AML, particularly in cases of cytogenetically normal AML (CN-AML).