What are the classification of osteomyelitis?
Osteomyelitis may be classified according to Lew and Waldvogel’s system based on the duration and mechanism of infection into 3 subtypes which are; hematogenouos osteomyelitis, contiguous-focus osteomyelitis, and osteomyeltis secondary to vascular insufficiency.
What is Pseudomonas osteomyelitis?
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a rare cause of osteomyelitis of the cervical spine and is usually seen in the background of intravenous drug use and immunocompromised state. Very few cases of osteomyelitis of the cervical spine caused by pseudomonas aeruginosa have been reported in otherwise healthy patients.
What is subacute osteomyelitis?
Subacute osteomyelitis is a chronic low-grade infection of bone characterized by a lack of systemic manifestations. The onset is insidious. Pain is the most common symptom, and has usually been present for several months before the initial evaluation.
What are the complications of osteomyelitis?
Some of the complications of osteomyelitis include:
- Bone abscess (pocket of pus)
- Bone necrosis (bone death)
- Spread of infection.
- Inflammation of soft tissue (cellulitis)
- Blood poisoning (septicaemia)
- Chronic infection that doesn’t respond well to treatment.
What is are common local signs of osteomyelitis?
The symptoms of osteomyelitis can include:
- Pain and/or tenderness in the infected area.
- Swelling, redness and warmth in the infected area.
- Fever.
- Nausea, secondarily from being ill with infection.
- General discomfort, uneasiness, or ill feeling.
- Drainage of pus (thick yellow fluid) through the skin.
What is the Cierny Mader classification of osteomyelitis?
Chronic osteomyelitis is a polymorphous entity that takes different forms during its course. Many [1,2,3]. The Cierny-Mader classification is an anatomico-physiological staging system that defines both the extent of bone infection and immunological status of the host.
How is the Cierny-Mader classification system used to guide treatment?
The Cierny-Mader classification system (see Workup) plays an important role in guiding treatment. As described above, stage 1 and 2 disease usually do not require surgical treatment, whereas stage 3 and 4 respond well to surgical treatment. In Cierny-Mader class C hosts, treatment may be more harmful than the osteomyelitis itself.
Which is the second stage of osteomyelitis?
The second system is known as the Cierny-Mader classification (Table 1). The Cierny-Mader classification is a clinical classification based on anatomic, clinical, and radiologic features. It characterizes osteomyelitis as being in one of four anatomic stages. In stage 1, or medullary, osteomyelitis is confined to the medullary cavity of the bone.
How is Cierny Mader used to describe disease?
Many staging systems were proposed to describe the extent of the disease and facilitate treatment planning [1,2,3]. The Cierny-Mader classification is an anatomico-physiological staging system that defines both the extent of bone infection and immunological status of the host.