Is nucleophilic substitution the same as nucleophilic addition elimination?
Since the initial attack is by a nucleophile, and the overall result is substitution, it would seem reasonable to describe the reaction as nucleophilic substitution. However, the reaction happens in two distinct stages. So the mechanism is also known as nucleophilic addition / elimination.
What is a nucleophilic addition elimination reaction?
In chemistry, an addition-elimination reaction is a two-stage reaction process of an addition reaction followed by an elimination reaction. This gives an overall effect of substitution, and is the mechanism of the common nucleophilic acyl substitution often seen with esters, amides, and related structures.
Is elimination nucleophilic substitution?
The hydroxide ions present are good nucleophiles, and one possibility is a replacement of the halogen atom by an -OH group to give an alcohol via a nucleophilic substitution reaction….
| type of halogenoalkane | substitution or elimination? |
|---|---|
| secondary | both substitution and elimination |
| tertiary | mainly elimination |
What are the conditions for nucleophilic addition?
In organic chemistry, a nucleophilic addition reaction is an addition reaction where a chemical compound with an electrophilic double or triple bond reacts with a nucleophile, such that the double or triple bond is broken.
What is the difference between substitution and addition elimination?
An elimination reaction occurs when a reactant is broken up into two products. Elimination reactions occur with saturated compounds. A substitution reaction occurs when an exchange of elements in the reactants takes place.
How do you know if its substitution or elimination?
If the coefficient of any variable is 1, which means you can easily solve for it in terms of the other variable, then substitution is a very good bet. If all the coefficients are anything other than 1, then you can use elimination, but only if the equations can be added together to make one of the variables disappear.
Which compound is least reactive toward nucleophilic acyl substitution?
Among the carboxylic acid derivatives, carboxylate groups are the least reactive towards nucleophilic acyl substitution, followed by amides, then esters and (protonated) carboxylic acids, thioesters, and finally acyl phosphates, which are the most reactive among the biologically relevant acyl groups.